Deg yiwen n uzrar n yiḍrisen iwezlanen, ad d-nesseked asenfli agenwan, iẓuran-ines, anerni-s, d wayen swayes i d-igellu sumata. Syin akkin ad nwalit tilkamin-ines deg tefriqt, ladɣa Tafriqt n Ugafa. Ad nemmeslayet deg ubeddel ilaq ad yettwaxdem s-ɣur timettiyin-nneɣ, yerna ad nesleḍ tisebbiwin n war tigawt-nneɣ, ama deg uswir amatu neɣ anekkit, deg lawan aqel-aɣ sdat n yiwen n yimihi n tilin n talsa.
Deg uḥric-agi amenzu, ad d-nezwir s usenked n usnefli agenwan, s umata tilisa n yimtiwgen.
Kra gar-awen ahat walan neɣ slan s usaru “Don’t look up”, i d-igellmen akken i ilaq, s kra n umgired, tagnit ideg d-negra akka tura. Amnemgal n umihi d-yesberbren ɣef talsa deg usaru-nni, deg tillawt tamirant-nneɣ, mačči d amihi i d-yekkan seg berra, anda ur yelli wayen iwumi nezmer ad t-nexdem, yerna dayen ɣef ur nelli ara d imassayen. Ur nelli sdat n tmityurit, maca sdat n yiwen n usnefli agenwan ɣef waydeg nella nekkni s yimdanen, d imassayen. Dacu kan, deg uḥric i d-iteddun ad nwali belli ur nesɛi ara akk yiwet n tmassit. Amek zemren ad ilin yimdanen deffir n usenfli agenwan! Aya ad d-iban d asburref, anida amdan yeufrar-d sdat n ugama i iɣil yezmer ad t-yerr ddaw n uḍar-is. Nessenfel tignawt, daya kan, acku irmad-nneɣ idamsanen, ḍegren-d seg tlemmast n lqern wis 19 tasmekta n lgaz iɣummlen armi nernat tfesniwin n uzɣal ɣef umtiweg n wakal.
Ladɣa anerni n uzɣal yewweḍ ar 1,24°C nnig n uswir seg 1850-1900 deg tallit 2015-2024, gar-asent 1,22°C ssebbat-nsent d irmad n umdan. Lgaz iɣemmlen icudden ɣer urmud n umdan kkan-d seg tirɣin n carbun, n lbiṭrul akked lgaz, maca diɣen seg yirmad n tfellaḥt, seg uquccu n tẓegwa d yikra n yirmad imguren. Lgizan-agi (dioxyde de carbone, méthane, protoxyde d’azote), ttnernin deg tegnawt trennu-as i uɣemmel s tuṭṭfa n lḥuman i d-yekkan seg tijuma n wakal.
Deg lawan-nni, ahuddu n tẓegwa yessenɣas deg tezmert n unagraw n twennaḍt akken ad isumm lkarbun. Amili-agi n yiserɣan igellu-d s ḥamu amatu imezgi, annect-a igellu-d s walluy n tfesniwin tilemmasin, anerni n uzɣal d unhewwal n yinagrawen igenwanen. I tuget gar-aneɣ, ur nelli d imussnawen n tegnawt, yewɛer fell-aneɣ ad negzu ayeɣer 1,24°C d ugur. Ncuba annect-agi ɣer +1,24°C n tfesnwin tidigani. Deg tillawt alluy-agi n tfesniwin d agemmuḍ alemmas ɣef tirni tamatut akked useggas. Yettawi-d timzarayin timnaḍanin taddayin tiseggasayin tixutarin.
Deg tama nniḍen, alluy n tfesniwin igellu-d s yibanen ignawanen iḍerfanen i yesɛan tinelkamin timeqqranin ɣef yigduden (tiḥemmalin, timessiwin, iɣuraren, talliyin n uzɣal aqessḥanen). Yal aseggas timnaḍin s lekmal sruḥuyent ayendin nterwiḥin d lexsarat tidamsanin. Deg teɣzi n semmus n yiseggasen yezrin, ɛeddant ɣef umaḍal yiwet n uzrar n yineḍruyen igenwanen iḍerfiyeni d-igellun s lexsarat timeqqranin. Agengam (=cyclone) Freddy (2023) aɣezzfan akk deg ddunit urǧin yettwassen, yewwet Tafriqt n unẓul, i d-yeglan s wagar n 1400 n lmuta akked uhuddu ameqqran. Deg 2022-2023, turupt iɛedda fell-as yiwen n uzɣal d ameqqran, s tfesniwin yewwḍen ɣer 48°c deg yilel agrakal i d-yeglan s tmerawin yigiman n lmuta. Deg asya n unẓul, Pakistan d Lhend ttuḥuzant s tḥemmalin d-yeglan s lmuta deg 2022 akked 2024, d-yewwin tiwinas n lmuta d yimelyan n yimguǧǧa. deg Marikan (yiwet seg tmura timeqqranin yerran aḥebbas i umennuɣ amgal asenfli agenwan), uragun Helene (2024) yegla-d swugar 250 n lmuta akked azal n 80 imekyaren n yidularen n lexsara. Deg Tefriqt n usammer akked australe, aɣurar imezgi yegla-d s teɣzanin n tgella timeqqranin i yesreḥlen d imelyanen n yimdanen. Ɣer taggara, gar 2023 d 2025, temlel tagemmasut n lmmerǧan tsuma-d 84% seg iɣulad imaḍlanen, ayagi yettbeggin-d tixutert swayes d-igellu uzɣal agnawan i unagraw awnaḍan.
Imtawayen n Paris deg 2015 ɛewwlen ad rren talast i walluy n tfesniwin ɣer 1,5°c sya ɣer taggara n lqern. Yewwi-d fell-aɣ ad nessenɣes aḍegger n lgaz s wazal n 43% sya ɣer 2050, yerna ad nessiweḍ ɣer usenɣes n karbun.
Hausse des émissions de Co2 induites par l’homme
Source : https://climatechangetracker.org
Ihi, leḥsabat ineggura mmalen-d d akken amnar n +1,5°C n walluy n tfesnin n uzɣal timaḍlanin ad as nɛeddi di leǧwayeh n 2029, ma d +2°C di leǧwayeh n 2048. Asemriwej ar +1,5°C mačči d awezɣi, ɣas akken yuɛer, yerna kra n yegduden ilaq-asen ad ǧǧen imeḍqan anda zedɣen.
Di tama nniḍen, imussnawen n tegnawt ttnebbihen-d d akken amdan urǧin yedder deg tfesniwin n +2°C. Asemriwej ilaq ad yili, azal n 2 imelyunen n yemdanen i ilaq ad inigen. Imussnawen n tegnawt ttwekkiden-d d akken ur nezmir ad nɛeddi nnig n +1,5°C, acku d amnar i izemren ad d-yeglu s lmujat tiɣerrasin timuzzar (=boucles de rétroaction positives), am usnezref n teẓgi n amazun, afessuy n n yiẓeblac n lqaɛa, ara d-yessufɣen lgaz n méthane d ufessuy n yibennayen n ugris, ladɣa di Groenland. Ayagi ad d-yeglu s txessarin timeqranin i talsa. Asruḥu n tezmert n teẓgi n Amazun akken ad tessebleɛ CO2 ad yerr anu-agi n lkarbun d aɣbalu n usufeɣ n lgaz. Ayagi ad yesnerni deg useḥmu agenwan, ad yessexreb inagrawen n uɣelluy n ugeffur di Marikan n unẓul u ad isami taɣellist n tgella d tissit n twinas n yimelyunen n yemdanen. Ma yella yefsi pergélisol, asuffeɣ s ṭṭaqa n lgaz n méthane (d lgaz yesseḥmuyen yugar CO2 di tallit tamecṭuḥt) ad d-yeglu s wugar n lḥamu. Ad isenhewwal inagrawen iwnaḍanen n larktik (=Arctique), ad d-yessufeɣ diɣen azmer ikfil (=mercure toxique) yerna ad yessenquqel lbenyan yellan di temnaḍt-nni (iberdan, iqadusen d tnezduɣin). Afessuy n yigersan n Groeland ad yesnerni deg uswir n waman n yillel, izemren ad awḍen aṭas n lmitrat di tallit taɣezfant. Ayagi ad isezzer imeḍqan yellan tama n tfelsin yeččuren d imezdaɣ, ayagi ad d-yeglu s uhaǧer n yegduden yerna ad iḥaz inagrawen iwnaḍanen ibeḥriyen s unekcum n waman n leḥlu arra yessenquqlen iwulan n yillel (am AMOC). Ayagi ur yesɛi ara asemdu ɣef temnaḍin kan, maca ad yessenhewwal arkad awnaḍan akked timettiyin talsanin. Ma tɛedda nnig n +1,5°C n lḥamu, ad nekcem deg unnar ur nessin. Timettiyin-nneɣ ad idirent tiswiɛin tiberkanin, s usṭuqet n tezɣanin ara d-yeglun s waṭas n lexsarat i yigima n yemdanen. D igellilen ara ittuḥazan ugar, maca timura timesbuɣar ad ttuḥazent daɣen.
Deg uḥric d-iteddun ad d-nesleḍ s ṭaqa n tefrarin ayen s wayes ara d-iglu usnefli agnawan.